Discover the dozen varieties of turmeric thriving in Hawai'i’s tropical paradise
Introduction
Our fascination with turmeric in Hawai’i began many years ago when our co-founder, Kevin Flanagan, a regenerative farmer, began a collaboration Dr. Ted Radovich at University of Hawaii's School of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources to explore the agricultural potential of turmeric in Hawai’i. This partnership continues to this day and we have learned many things along the way, some of which we would like to share with you today.
Did you know there are nearly 120 known varieties of turmeric in the world? What’s even more fascinating is that Hawai'i alone is home to about a dozen of these varieties. While many people think of turmeric as a single spice with a golden-yellow hue, the diversity of this vibrant root runs much deeper.
In Hawai'i, turmeric, known as ʻolena in Hawaiian, thrives thanks to the islands’ unique climate and rich volcanic soil. From the vivid “Hawaiian Red” to the subtler “ʻOlena,” each variety offers distinct qualities and benefits, making Hawai'i a hotspot for turmeric cultivation. In this article, we’ll uncover the story of Hawai'i’s turmeric varieties and explore what makes them so special.
The Legacy of Turmeric in Hawai'i
Turmeric has a rich history in Hawai'i. Introduced centuries ago by Polynesian voyagers, this golden root became a staple in traditional Hawaiian medicine, textiles, and ceremonies. It wasn’t just its vibrant color that made it valuable—Hawaiians recognized its healing properties and used it to treat various ailments.
Today, turmeric remains a vital crop in Hawai'i, valued not just for its traditional uses but also for its growing demand in global health and wellness markets. With about a dozen varieties thriving across the islands, Hawai'i offers a unique window into the potential of this remarkable plant.
Hawai'i’s Unique Turmeric Varieties
Hawai'i’s diverse ecosystem has given rise to about a dozen turmeric varieties, each with its own unique characteristics. Here is a couple notable one’s that we use in our ʻŌlena Gold™ Turmeric capsule product:
- Hawaiian Red: This industry-standard cultivar is prized for its deep red-orange rhizomes and high curcuminoid content (5-6.5% dry weight). Known for its potent health benefits, “Hawaiian Red” rivals some of the best Indian varieties like ‘Alleppey Supreme.’
- ʻOlena: A yellow-hued variety with smoother flavors and lower curcuminoid content (1-2%). Often used in teas and spice mixes, it embodies the subtler side of turmeric’s culinary potential.
Each variety has adapted to Hawai'i’s unique microclimates, from the rainy Hamakua coast on the Big Island to the lush valleys of Kaua'i. Turmeric’s resilience makes it an ideal crop for these regions, even thriving after extreme weather events like Hurricane Lane in 2018.
A chart summarizing a study on the characteristics of 11 turmeric varieties that grow in Hawai’i. Courtesy: University of Hawaii's School of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources
Why Hawai'i-Grown Turmeric Stands Out
What sets Hawai'i-grown turmeric apart from its counterparts in other parts of the world?
- Rich Soil and Ideal Climate: Hawai'i’s volcanic soil and tropical conditions create a perfect environment for turmeric cultivation. These natural advantages lead to higher curcuminoid levels and vibrant pigmentation.
- Sustainable Practices: Many farmers in Hawai'i prioritize organic and sustainable farming methods, ensuring that the turmeric is not only high-quality but also environmentally friendly.
- Farm-to-Table Transparency: Hawai'i-grown turmeric comes with a story. Many producers can trace their roots—literally—to specific farms, offering unparalleled transparency to consumers.
Hawai'i’s turmeric is also celebrated for its broad spectrum of curcuminoids, essential oils, and bioactive compounds. These elements work synergistically to provide anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and even cognitive benefits, making Hawai'i’s turmeric a sought-after ingredient for both culinary and medicinal use.
Conclusion
Hawai'i’s turmeric varieties are more than just a spice—they’re a testament to the islands’ natural bounty and cultural heritage. With about a dozen unique types flourishing in the region, Hawai'i is carving out its place as a leader in turmeric cultivation. Whether you’re enjoying the deep hues of “Hawaiian Red” or the milder tones of “ʻOlena,” each variety brings something special to the table.
Next time you add turmeric to your dish or supplement routine, consider the rich history and incredible diversity of Hawai'i-grown turmeric. After all, it’s not just a root—it’s a story waiting to be shared.
